Burner for vapor-lamps



T VARNEY.

Vapor Burner.

Patented May 11,1858.

UNirEn srATEs PATENT oEEioE.

THOMAS VARNEY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

BURNER FOR VAPOR-LAMPS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,232, dated May 11, 1858.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, THOMAS VARNEY, of the city of San Francisco, in thecounty ot San Francisco and State of California, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Burners for Hydrocarbon-Vapor Lamps; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part of this specification, in whichi Figure l is avertical central section of my improved burner. Figs. 2 and 3 areelevations of a portion of the same, in different conditions.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the iigures.

This invention relates to the construction of burners for burning thevapor of benzol or of other hydro-carbons that can be burned invapor-lamps, in such a manner that the admixture with the vapor, of thenecessary quantity of air, supplied by a blowing apparatus, to make itburn with a brilliant dame, shall be effected within the burner insteadof within the reservoir.

To enable others to make and use my invention, I will proceed todescribe its construction and operation.

A, Fig. l, is a socket or cup, constituting the lower portion or base ofthe burner, having screwed into it a tube a, into the top of which isscrewed another tube Z9, somewhat smaller, the latter tube extendingdown into the lower part of the socket or cup A, to which it fits inSuch a manner that there is no communication from the exterior to theinterior of the tube o, except through holes c, c, near the top of saidtube. The tube b, has formed upon or attached to its upper extremity thetip d, of the burner, which is represented in the drawing as being ofthe form commonly employed for benzol vapor-lamps, but which may be ofany other suitable form. There is, however, no direct communicationbetween the upper part of the tube and the burnertip, as such directcommunication is prevented by a tube e, (see also Figs. 2 and 3) whichis fitted tightly into the upper part of the said tube o. This tube e,which extends nearly down to the bottom of the tube o, is except at theupper part which tits tightly to the said tube b, much smaller than thesaid tube b; and the said tube e, is open at its top and bottom but itstop is covered with a diaphragm j, of wire gauze, and it has a spiralslot 4, extending nearly from top to bottom. Between the tubes b, and e,is placed a loose tube f, of perforated metal which I call the wicktube, which is concentric to Z), and e, and which rests on the bottom ofthe cup or socket A, and extends upward nearly to the junction of thetubes Z), and c, and is open at the top. A wick is wound or lappedaround or otherwise applied to the exterior of the wicktube f, as showntinted red in Fig. l, said wick looezly filling the Space between thetubes f, anc

g, is a tube which I call the regulator, having an open top and closedbottom and a straight slit 5, extending nearly all up one side. Thistube is fitted to the exterior of the inmost tube c, and is furnished atthe bottom with a stem it, which passes through the bottom of the socketA, and which is provided below the socket with a knob z', by which toturn the regulator on the tube e, for the purpose which will bepresently explained.V

B, is a pipe leading from the reservoir of the lamp to the lower part ofthe socket A, and communicating with the space between the tubes f, andZ), which is occupied by the wick before mentioned. This pipe B, is alsofilled with wick to supply the liquid from the reservoir to the burnerby capillary attraction.

C, is a pipe leading from a blowing apparatus such as is commonly usedin benzolelamps or of any other suitable kind driven by clockwork orother means; said pipe entering the upper part of the socket A, andcommunicating with the space between the tubes a, and b.

The operation of the burner is as follows: The liquid is drawn up bycapillary attraction into the burner by the wick in the pipe B, and thataround the tube f, and is vaporized by the heat of the tube b, when alight is applied to the burner; and the air forced through the pipe C,passes in'the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. l, first up thespace between the tubes a, o, then through openings c, then down theinside of the wick-tube, where it takes up the vapor which is given 0Ethrough the perforated wick-tube, and with said vapor passes throughthat part of the slot 4, (in the inmost tube) which is exposed by theslot 5, in the regulator, and then passes up through the inmost tube e,and t-he diaphragm j, to the tip of the burner, Where it burns With abrilliant flame. By turning regulator g, its slot 5, is made to openslot 4, in the tube e, higher up or lovver down the tube, and so thatthe air has a shorter or longer distance to pass through Which causes itto be more or less charged With vapor, and hence the regulator serves toregulate the supply of vapor so that the air may be charged to such adegree that perfect combustion Will result and a brilliant flame Withoutsmoke Will be produced.

This burner overcomes all the diticulties resulting from changes ofatmospheric .tem-

*Y perature with ordinary benzol apparatus or vapor lamps, and burnsmany materials which cannot be burned With advantage by those apparatus,as very inferior benzol, naphtha, or camphene. fy

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters'Patent, is

The arrangementy of the tubes a, b, e, f,

.and the passages between them, the burnertip, the Wick, andthe pipes B,C, substantially as herein set forth.

, Y 'THOMAS VARNEY.

Witnesses: Y*

ROBT. H. Austrians, GEO. ROBINS.'

